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Methods using preference in pain research
Komárková, Lucia ; Vaculín, Šimon (advisor) ; Mrózková, Petra (referee)
The thesis deals with neuropathic pain measurement in laboratory mice and rats. Neuropathic pain is characterized besides evoked allodynia and hyperalgesia also by spontaneous pain and anhedonia, further motivational-affective part of pain is highlighted. Traditional pain threshold testing is not appropriate method to measure these aspects of pain. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to describe preference methods in pain research. We focused on three methods - conditioned place preference, sucrose preference test and thermal place preference. The first mentioned method creates an association between pain relief and a specific place, which afterwards the animal prefers. The conditioned place preference can be used to detect spontaneous pain. Sucrose preference test monitors decrease in consumption of sugar water after exposure to chronic pain, which can be interpreted as a sign of depression, so thanks to this method we have the opportunity to explore the interaction between pain and depression. The thermal place preference method studies changes of preferences between the cold and hot plate after induction of pain or analgesics. The findings based on preference methods help us to examine all aspects of neuropathic pain and develop more options for pain treatment.
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Comparison of reflex-based and operant methods when evaluating effects of treatment on pain in experimetnal models
Panušková, Kristýna ; Vaculín, Šimon (advisor) ; Šustková, Magdaléna (referee)
Pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain is still insufficient. Methylphenidate, a psychostimulant that increases the dopamine and noradrenaline levels, is commonly used for treating ADHD. There have been reports of changes in patients pain thresholds by ADHD patients treated with methylphenidate. The aim of the study is to examine if methylphenidate can affect peripheral neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain has been modelled on laboratory rats by chronic constriction of the ischiatic nerve. The effect of methylphenidate on the evoked pain component was evaluated on control animals and on animals with neuropathic pain using reflex (plantar test, vonFrey test) and operanting test (thermal place preference). The effect of methylphenidate on the spontaneous components of pain was evaluated using the methods of conditioned place preference. This study has proven that methylphenidate in an applicable dose of 1 mg/kg has an antialodynic effect but does not act antinociceptively. This study further confirms that methylphenidate in low doses does not act as attractant and has no effect on spontaneous pain. The last part of the study compares the different methods for pain measurement and comes to the conclusion that the plantar test is not an adequate method for evaluating the effect of analgesics...
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Ongoing pain in animal models of neuropathic pain
Priessnerová, Denisa ; Vaculín, Šimon (advisor) ; Honc, Ondřej (referee)
Although spontaneous pain is a global problem, there is still no effective treatment. Constructive research started only 40 years ago. Research based on pain mechanisms and potential treatment has been done on animal models of neuropathic pain. This thesis is focused on animal models, which could be either induced by chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve (CCI) or spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Both models should induce spontaneous, ongoing pain along with evoked pain (allodynia and hyperalgesia). Tests, made on these models, are based on detection and measurement of spontaneous pain, while not using an external stimulus. The outcome of the tests is not always effective. Most of the time, they do not evince signs of spontaneous pain. These tests are also less effective and fewer in numbers compared to those using external stimulus. The goal of this thesis was to analyze all the research including spontaneous and ongoing pain in CCI and SNL models. It was important to focus on certain methods that do not use external stimulus during testing. PubMed database was used for searching articles. The most common words searched were "spontaneous" and "ongoing". Found articles were evaluated and searched for methods indicating and measuring spontaneous pain without an external stimulus. Most of the methods...
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Methods using preference in pain research
Komárková, Lucia ; Vaculín, Šimon (advisor) ; Mrózková, Petra (referee)
The thesis deals with neuropathic pain measurement in laboratory mice and rats. Neuropathic pain is characterized besides evoked allodynia and hyperalgesia also by spontaneous pain and anhedonia, further motivational-affective part of pain is highlighted. Traditional pain threshold testing is not appropriate method to measure these aspects of pain. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to describe preference methods in pain research. We focused on three methods - conditioned place preference, sucrose preference test and thermal place preference. The first mentioned method creates an association between pain relief and a specific place, which afterwards the animal prefers. The conditioned place preference can be used to detect spontaneous pain. Sucrose preference test monitors decrease in consumption of sugar water after exposure to chronic pain, which can be interpreted as a sign of depression, so thanks to this method we have the opportunity to explore the interaction between pain and depression. The thermal place preference method studies changes of preferences between the cold and hot plate after induction of pain or analgesics. The findings based on preference methods help us to examine all aspects of neuropathic pain and develop more options for pain treatment.
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